In recent
years, depression in childhood has increased attention for awareness among adolescence.1- 3 Although it was
believed that depression did not occur in children before the 1970s, recent
studies 1,4- 7 have proven
that about 2%-8% of young adults experience their first symptoms at the age of
16.
For example, Hankin
et al5 discovered
that approximately, 6% of young adults in the Dunedin study cohort met DSM-III8 diagnostic
criteria for depression on at least one occasion by age 15. A similar rate was
reported by Fergusson et al,4 who found that
almost7% of 15-year-olds met DSM-III-R diagnostic
criteria for depression.
The increase
in the presence of depression among adolescences has led to a growing interest in
the etiology, comorbities, and consequences of early-onset depression. For example;
there has been evidence suggesting that young people showing signs of early
depression or depressive symptoms are at high risk for several adverse
outcomes, including further depressive episode,9- 11 impaired
social functioning,9,12- 16 low academic
achievement,9,10,12,15,17,18 and a range
of other mental health problems, such as anxiety disorders, substance abuse,
and suicidal behaviors.12,15,19- 21 These
linkages between early depression and later outcomes are thought to reflect the
effects of early-onset depression on normal development and the continuities of
depressed mood across time.9
REFERENCES
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